one dataset · paper, tables, graph, wiki
simgrammar the grammar of simulation

parts

11 mechanics, as Zoo Tycoon does them

core · 3

agents & behavior

Crowd preferences

Guest happiness depends on the animals on show, their happiness, buildings such as restrooms and shops, and scenery.

environment & ecology

Habitat suitability

Each species has preferred terrain types, foliage, rocks, shelters, toys, and companions; suitability drives happiness, and incompatible species in one exhibit kill each other.

agents & behavior

Needs decay

Animals need food, water, cleaning, and keeper attention that keepers supply on rounds.

supporting · 8

space & construction

Building placement

Fences, paths, buildings, foliage, and scenery are placed on a tile map.

space & construction

Decoration and beauty

Scenery such as topiary, lamp posts, and benches gives a small guest happiness boost.

population & lineage

Lifecycle and aging

Animals breed when content; babies grow into adults.

progression & goals

Scenario objectives

Scenarios set targets such as a guest happiness level, exhibit suitability, animal count, or breeding a species.

economy & finance

Staff hiring and rosters

Zookeepers, maintenance workers, and tour guides are hired.

progression & goals

Tech tree

In freeform mode, money spent on research unlocks animals, buildings, and scenery.

risk & failure

Wear and breakdown

Fences decay and must be repaired by maintenance workers to prevent escapes.

core loop

fence an exhibit -> match terrain, foliage, rocks, shelter, and toys to the species -> animals grow happy and breed -> guests visit, spend, and react -> awards and income -> research and adopt more animals

design notes

Zoo Tycoon's core rule is exhibit suitability: each species reports how well its exhibit's terrain mix, foliage, rocks, shelters, toys, and keeper care match its needs, and that suitability drives animal happiness. Guest happiness depends on animal happiness, the species on show, buildings, and scenery, so the two satisfaction meters are chained. Failures are physical: incompatible species in one exhibit kill each other, fences decay, and escaped animals attack guests and staff. Too many complaints about unhappy animals block new adoptions until habitats are fixed.

appears in

the paper, 2 sections · 1 chapter
paper

5. The structure of the design space

linked in this section of the paper

paper
paper

Appendix A. Game catalog

linked in this section of the paper

paper
catalog

The catalog

listed with its year, developer, subgenre, and number of mechanics

book
ch 1

Chapter 1. Same parts

linked from the text

book

sources

1
Wikipedia contributors (2026). Zoo Tycoon (2001 video game). Wikipedia

provenance

runs in log/runs
2026-10-24
created2026-10-24-catalog-gecatalog
2026-10-24
reviewed2026-10-24-review-fixesmaintenance