one dataset · paper, tables, graph, wiki
simgrammar the grammar of simulation

parts

8 mechanics, as X-Plane does them

core · 1

physics & materials

Flight aerodynamics

Blade element theory splits wings, control surfaces, and propellers into small elements and computes aerodynamic forces on each from geometry and physical parameters.

supporting · 7

environment & ecology

Day-night cycle

control & automation

Embodied skill control

multiplayer & persistence

Modding API

The plugin SDK lets developers read simulator data and add instruments, cockpit interfaces, and hardware support.

space & construction

Modular assembly

Plane Maker lets users define aircraft geometry and components and then fly the result in the simulator.

operation & procedure

Procedural checklists

environment & ecology

Weather

X-Plane 12 reworked clouds, turbulence, and atmospheric effects, and version 12.3 added a weather-radar system.

core loop

pick or design an aircraft -> set location and weather -> fly by hand or autopilot -> blade-element forces respond to geometry and air -> land -> revise the aircraft in Plane Maker

design notes

X-Plane uses blade element theory: wings, control surfaces, and propellers are split into elements and aerodynamic forces are computed on each from geometry, rather than looked up from performance tables, so an aircraft drawn in the bundled Plane Maker flies according to its shape. That approach underpins its use in FAA-approved training systems when paired with suitable hardware. A plugin SDK exposes simulator data for instruments, cockpits, and external hardware.

appears in

the paper, 2 sections · 2 chapters
paper

5. The structure of the design space

linked in this section of the paper

paper
paper

Appendix A. Game catalog

linked in this section of the paper

paper
catalog

The catalog

listed with its year, developer, subgenre, and number of mechanics

book
ch 1

Chapter 1. Same parts

linked from the text

book
ch 9

Chapter 9. Vacant lots

linked from the text

book

sources

1
Wikipedia contributors (2026). X-Plane (simulator). Wikipedia

provenance

runs in log/runs
2026-10-24
created2026-10-24-catalog-gfcatalog
2026-10-24
reviewed2026-10-24-review-fixesmaintenance