# The ODD Protocol for Describing Agent-Based and Other Simulation Models: A Second Update to Improve Clarity, Replication, and Structural Realism

*Source* · `src-grimm-2020-odd-protocol-second-update` · status: **n/a**

| field | value |
|---|---|
| kind | Peer-reviewed paper |
| venue | Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 23(2), 7 |
| date | 2020-03-31 |
| url | https://www.jasss.org/23/2/7.html |
| doi | 10.18564/jasss.4259 |
| accessed | 2026-10-31 |
| archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20260924184243/https://www.jasss.org/23/2/7.html |

## Authors

- Volker Grimm
- Steven F. Railsback
- Christian E. Vincenot
- Uta Berger
- Cara Gallagher
- Donald L. DeAngelis
- Bruce Edmonds
- Jiaqi Ge
- Jarl Giske
- Jürgen Groeneveld
- Alice S. A. Johnston
- Alexander Milles
- Jacob Nabe-Nielsen
- J. Gareth Polhill
- Viktoriia Radchuk
- Marie-Sophie Rohwäder
- Richard A. Stillman
- Jan C. Thiele
- Daniel Ayllón

## Notes

Read the full text. "ODD consists of seven elements": purpose and patterns; entities, state variables and scales; process overview and scheduling; design concepts; initialization; input data; submodels. Element 2 "lists the different types of entities represented in the model"; element 3 says when state variables are updated. Most elements apply to any simulation model, so ODD could provide "a lingua franca for simulation modelling".

## Citation

Volker Grimm, Steven F. Railsback, Christian E. Vincenot, Uta Berger, Cara Gallagher, Donald L. DeAngelis, Bruce Edmonds, Jiaqi Ge, Jarl Giske, Jürgen Groeneveld, Alice S. A. Johnston, Alexander Milles, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, J. Gareth Polhill, Viktoriia Radchuk, Marie-Sophie Rohwäder, Richard A. Stillman, Jan C. Thiele, Daniel Ayllón (2020-03-31). *The ODD Protocol for Describing Agent-Based and Other Simulation Models: A Second Update to Improve Clarity, Replication, and Structural Realism*. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 23(2), 7 https://www.jasss.org/23/2/7.html

Archived: https://web.archive.org/web/20260924184243/https://www.jasss.org/23/2/7.html

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Provenance: created in run `2026-10-31-es-review-framing-pdf`.